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 What's New!
Econ-Harmony: An AEA Service for Organizing Complete Annual Meeting Session Proposals (AEA members only) 2010 Paul Samuelson Memorial Session Webcast available for AEA members and non-members! 2010 AEA Annual Meeting Papers AEA 125th Anniversary Calendar: Available NOW! Member Features
2010 AEA Annual Meeting Webcasts Full-text of all AEA journal articles Access to forthcoming Accepted articles in AEA journals Quick Links
2009 AEA Annual JEL Classification Codes Guide
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EconLit Subject DescriptorsClick on any subject category to see the full list of EconLit descriptors for that category. The JEL Classification Codes Guide is now available online. Additionally, you may download an xml file of JEL Codes. JEL Codes are 3-digit, but EconLit searches require the use the four digit codes consisting of the 3-digit JEL code plus a 0. The EconLit subject descriptors are the same as the Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) classification codes. [ (Updated!) Indicates new or changed descriptor] A - General Economics and TeachingB - History of Economic Thought, Methodology, and Heterodox Approaches C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods D - Microeconomics E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics F - International Economics G - Financial Economics H - Public Economics I - Health, Education, and Welfare J - Labor and Demographic Economics K - Law and Economics L - Industrial Organization M - Business Administration and Business Economics • Marketing • Accounting N - Economic History O - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth P - Economic Systems Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics • Environmental and Ecological Economics R - Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics Y - Miscellaneous Categories Z - Other Special Topics A100 - General Economics: General A110 - Role of Economics; Role of Economists A120 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines A130 - Relation of Economics to Social Values A140 - Sociology of Economics A190 - General Economics: Other A200 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics: General A210 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics: Pre-college A220 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics: Undergraduate A230 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics: Graduate A290 - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics: Other A300 - Collective Works: General A310 - Collected Writings of Individuals A320 - Volumes A330 - Handbooks A390 - Collective Works: Other Go to MENUB000 - History of Economic Thought, Methodology, and Heterodox Approaches (Updated!) B100 - History of Thought through 1925: General B110 - History of Thought: Preclassical (Ancient, Medieval, Mercantilist, Physiocratic) B120 - History of Thought: Classical (includes Adam Smith) B130 - History of Thought: Neoclassical through 1925 (includes Austrian, Marshallian, Walrasian) B140 - History of Thought through 1925: Socialist; Marxist B150 - History of Thought through 1925: Historical; Institutional B160 - History of Thought: Quantitative and Mathematical B190 - History of Thought through 1925: Other B200 - History of Thought since 1925: General B210 - History of Thought: Microeconomics B220 - History of Thought: Macroeconomics B230 - History of Thought: Quantitative and Mathematical B240 - History of Thought since 1925: Socialist; Marxist; Scraffian B250 - History of Thought since 1925: Historical; Institutional; Evolutionary; Austrian B290 - History of Thought since 1925: Other B300 - History of Thought: Individuals: General B310 - History of Thought: Individuals B320 - Obituaries B400 - Economic Methodology: General B410 - Economic Methodology B490 - Economic Methodology: Other B500 - Current Heterodox Approaches: General B510 - Current Heterodox Approaches: Socialist; Marxian; Sraffian B520 - Current Heterodox Approaches: Institutional; Evolutionary B530 - Current Heterodox Approaches: Austrian B540 - Feminist Economics B590 - Current Heterodox Approaches: Other Go to MENUC000 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods: General C010 - Econometrics C020 - Mathematical Methods C100 - Econometric and Statistical Methods: General C110 - Bayesian Analysis C120 - Hypothesis Testing C130 - Estimation C140 - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods C150 - Simulation Methods C190 - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Other C200 - Single Equation Models; Single Variables: General C210 - Single Equation Models; Single Variables: Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models; Quantile Regressions (Updated!) C220 - Single Equation Models; Single Variables: Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions (Updated!) C230 - Single Equation Models; Single Variables: Models with Panel Data C240 - Single Equation Models; Single Variables: Truncated and Censored Models C250 - Single Equation Models; Single Variables: Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models; Discrete Regressors (Updated!) C290 - Single Equation Models; Single Variables: Other C300 - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models: General C310 - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models: Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models; Quantile Regressions (Updated!) C320 - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models: Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions (Updated!) C330 - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models: Models with Panel Data C340 - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models: Truncated and Censored Models C350 - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models: Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models; Discrete Regressors (Updated!) C390 - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models: Other C400 - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics: General C410 - Duration Analysis C420 - Classificaton Discontinued 2008. See C83. (Updated!) C430 - Index Numbers and Aggregation; leading indicators C440 - Statistical Decision Theory; Operations Research C450 - Neural Networks and Related Topics C460 - Specific Distributions; Specific Statistics (Updated!) C490 - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics: Other C500 - Econometric Modeling: General C510 - Model Construction and Estimation C520 - Model Evaluation and Selection C530 - Forecasting and Other Model Applications C590 - Econometric Modeling: Other C600 - Mathematical Methods and Programming: General C610 - Optimization Techniques; Programming Models; Dynamic Analysis C620 - Existence and Stability Conditions of Equilibrium C630 - Computational Techniques; Simulation Modeling (Updated!) C650 - Miscellaneous Mathematical Tools C670 - Input-Output Models C680 - Computable General Equilibrium Models C690 - Mathematical Methods and Programming: Other C700 - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory: General C710 - Cooperative Games C720 - Noncooperative Games C730 - Stochastic and Dynamic Games; Evolutionary Games; Repeated Games C780 - Bargaining Theory; Matching Theory C790 - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory: Other C800 - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs: General C810 - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Microeconomic Data C820 - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Macroeconomic Data C830 - Survey Methods; Sampling Methods (Updated!) C870 - Econometric Software C880 - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs: Other Computer Software C890 - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs: Other C900 - Design of Experiments: General C910 - Design of Experiments: Laboratory, Individual C920 - Design of Experiments: Laboratory, Group Behavior C930 - Field Experiments C990 - Design of Experiments: Other Go to MENUD000 - Microeconomics: General D010 - Microeconomic Behavior: Underlying Principles D020 - Institutions: Design, Formation, and Operations D030 - Behavioral Economics: Underlying Principles (Updated!) D100 - Household Behavior: General D110 - Consumer Economics: Theory D120 - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis D130 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation D140 - Personal Finance D180 - Consumer Protection D190 - Household Behavior and Family Economics: Other D200 - Production and Organizations: General D210 - Firm Behavior D230 - Organizational Behavior; Transaction Costs; Property Rights D240 - Production; Cost; Capital and Total Factor Productivity; Capacity D290 - Production and Organizations: Other D300 - Distribution: General D310 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions D330 - Factor Income Distribution D390 - Distribution: Other D400 - Market Structure and Pricing: General D410 - Market Structure and Pricing: Perfect Competition D420 - Market Structure and Pricing: Monopoly D430 - Market Structure and Pricing: Oligopoly and Other Forms of Market Imperfection D440 - Auctions D450 - Rationing; Licensing D460 - Value Theory D490 - Market Structure and Pricing: Other D500 - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium: General D510 - Exchange and Production Economies D520 - Incomplete Markets D530 - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium: Financial Markets D570 - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium: Input-Output Tables and Analysis D580 - Computable and Other Applied General Equilibrium Models D590 - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium: Other D600 - Welfare Economics: General D610 - Allocative Efficiency; Cost-Benefit Analysis D620 - Externalities D630 - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement D640 - Altruism D690 - Welfare Economics: Other D700 - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making: General D710 - Social Choice; Clubs; Committees; Associations D720 - Models of Political Processes: Rent-seeking, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior D730 - Bureaucracy; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations; Corruption D740 - Conflict; Conflict Resolution; Alliances D780 - Positive Analysis of Policy-Making and Implementation D790 - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making: Other D800 - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty: General D810 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty D820 - Asymmetric and Private Information D830 - Search; Learning; Information and Knowledge; Communication; Belief D840 - Expectations; Speculations D850 - Network Formation and Analysis: Theory D860 - Economics of Contract: Theory D870 - Neuroeconomics D890 - Information and Uncertainty: Other D900 - Intertemporal Choice and Growth: General D910 - Intertemporal Consumer Choice; Life Cycle Models and Saving D920 - Intertemporal Firm Choice and Growth, Investment, or Financing D990 - Intertemporal Choice and Growth: Other Go to MENUE000 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics: General E010 - Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth E020 - Institutions and the Macroeconomy (Updated!) E100 - General Aggregative Models: General E110 - General Aggregative Models: Marxian; Sraffian; Institutional; Evolutionary E120 - General Aggregative Models: Keynes; Keynesian; Post-Keynesian E130 - General Aggregative Models: Neoclassical E170 - General Aggregative Models: Forecasting and Simulation E190 - General Aggregative Models: Other E200 - Macroeconomics: Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment: General (includes Measurement and Data) E210 - Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth E220 - Capital; Investment; Capacity E230 - Macroeconomics: Production E240 - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital (Updated!) E250 - Aggregate Factor Income Distribution E260 - Informal Economy; Underground Economy E270 - Macroeconomics: Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment: Forecasting and Simulation E290 - Macroeconomics: Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment and Investment: Other E300 - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles: General (includes Measurement and Data) E310 - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation E320 - Business Fluctuations; Cycles E370 - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles: Forecasting and Simulation E390 - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles: Other E400 - Money and Interest Rates: General E410 - Demand for Money E420 - Monetary Systems; Standards; Regimes; Government and the Monetary System; Payment Systems (Updated!) E430 - Determination of Interest Rates; Term Structure of Interest Rates E440 - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy E470 - Money and Interest Rates: Forecasting and Simulation E490 - Money and Interest Rates: Other E500 - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General E510 - Money Supply; Credit; Money Multipliers E520 - Monetary Policy E580 - Central Banks and Their Policies E590 - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: Other E600 - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook: General E610 - Policy Objectives; Policy Designs and Consistency; Policy Coordination E620 - Fiscal Policy E630 - Comparative or Joint Analysis of Fiscal and Monetary Policy; Stabilization Policy E640 - Incomes Policy; Price Policy E650 - Studies of Particular Policy Episodes E660 - General Outlook and Conditions E690 - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook: Other Go to MENUF000 - International Economics: General F010 - Global Outlook F020 - International Economic Order F100 - Trade: General F110 - Neoclassical Models of Trade F120 - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies F130 - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations F140 - Country and Industry Studies of Trade F150 - Economic Integration F160 - Trade and Labor Market Interactions F170 - Trade: Forecasting and Simulation F180 - Trade and Environment F190 - Trade: Other F200 - International Factor Movements and International Business: General F210 - International Investment; Long-term Capital Movements F220 - International Migration F230 - Multinational Firms; International Business F240 - Remittances F290 - International Factor Movements: Other F300 - International Finance: General F310 - Foreign Exchange F320 - Current Account Adjustment; Short-term Capital Movements F330 - International Monetary Arrangements and Institutions F340 - International Lending and Debt Problems F350 - Foreign Aid F360 - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration F370 - International Finance Forecasting and Simulation F390 - International Finance: Other F400 - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance: General F410 - Open Economy Macroeconomics F420 - International Policy Coordination and Transmission F430 - Economic Growth of Open Economies F470 - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance: Forecasting and Simulation F490 - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance: Other F500 - International Relations and International Political Economy: General F510 - International Conflicts; Negotiations; Sanctions F520 - National Security; Economic Nationalism F530 - International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations F540 - Colonialism; Imperialism; Postcolonialism F550 - International Institutional Arrangements F590 - International Relations and International Political Economy: Other Go to MENUG000 - Financial Economics: General G010 - Financial Crises (Updated!) G100 - General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) G110 - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions G120 - Asset Pricing; Trading volume; Bond Interest Rates G130 - Contingent Pricing; Futures Pricing; option pricing G140 - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies G150 - International Financial Markets G170 - Financial Forecasting (Updated!) G180 - General Financial Markets: Government Policy and Regulation G190 - General Financial Markets: Other G200 - Financial Institutions and Services: General G210 - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages G220 - Insurance; Insurance Companies G230 - Pension Funds; Other Private Financial Institutions; Institutional Investors G240 - Investment Banking; Venture Capital; Brokerage; Ratings and Ratings Agencies (Updated!) G280 - Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation G290 - Financial Institutions and Services: Other G300 - Corporate Finance and Governance: General G310 - Capital Budgeting; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies G320 - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure G330 - Bankruptcy; Liquidation G340 - Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Voting; Proxy Contests; Corporate Governance G350 - Payout Policy G380 - Corporate Finance and Governance: Government Policy and Regulation G390 - Corporate Finance and Governance: Other Go to MENUH000 - Public Economics: General H100 - Structure and Scope of Government: General H110 - Structure, Scope, and Performance of Government H190 - Structure and Scope of Government: Other H200 - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General H210 - Taxation and Subsidies: Efficiency; Optimal Taxation H220 - Taxation and Subsidies: Incidence H230 - Taxation and Subsidies: Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies H240 - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies; includes inheritance and gift taxes H250 - Business Taxes and Subsidies including sales and value-added (VAT) H260 - Tax Evasion H270 - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenues: Other Sources of Revenue H290 - Taxation and Subsidies: Other H300 - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents: General H310 - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents: Household H320 - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents: Firm H390 - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents: Other H400 - Publicly Provided Goods: General H410 - Public Goods H420 - Publicly Provided Private Goods H430 - Project Evaluation; Social Discount Rate H440 - Publicly Provided Goods: Mixed Markets H490 - Publicly Provided Goods: Other H500 - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General H510 - National Government Expenditures and Health H520 - National Government Expenditures and Education H530 - National Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs H540 - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures; Other Public Investment and Capital Stock H550 - Social Security and Public Pensions H560 - National Security and War H570 - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Procurement H590 - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Other H600 - National Budget, Deficit, and Debt: General H610 - National Budget; Budget Systems H620 - National Deficit; Surplus H630 - National Debt; Debt Management H680 - Forecasts of Budgets, Deficits, and Debt H690 - National Budget, Deficit, and Debt: Other H700 - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations: General H710 - State and Local Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue H720 - State and Local Budget and Expenditures H730 - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations: Interjurisdictional Differentials and Their Effects H740 - State and Local Borrowing H750 - State and Local Government: Health, Education, and Welfare H760 - State and Local Government: Other Expenditure Categories H770 - Intergovernmental Relations; Federalism; Secession H790 - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations: Other H800 - Public Economics: Miscellaneous Issues: General H810 - Governmental Loans, Loan Guarantees, Credits, and Grants H820 - Governmental Property H830 - Public Administration; Public Sector Accounting and Audits (Updated!) H870 - International Fiscal Issues; International Public Goods H890 - Public Economics: Miscellaneous Issues: Other Go to MENUI000 - Health, Education, and Welfare: General I100 - Health: General I110 - Analysis of Health Care Markets I120 - Health Production I180 - Health: Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health I190 - Health: Other I200 - Education and Research Institutions: General (Updated!) I210 - Analysis of Education I220 - Educational Finance I230 - Higher Education and Research Institutions (Updated!) I280 - Education: Government Policy I290 - Education: Other I300 - Welfare and Poverty: General I310 - General Welfare I320 - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty I380 - Welfare and Poverty: Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs I390 - Welfare and Poverty: Other Go to MENUJ000 - Labor and Demographic Economics: General J010 - Labor Economics: General J080 - Labor Economics Policies J100 - Demographic Economics: General J110 - Demographic Trends and Forecasts; General Migration J120 - Marriage; Marital Dissolution; Family Structure; Domestic Abuse J130 - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth J140 - Economics of the Elderly; Economics of the Handicapped J150 - Economics of Minorities and Races; Non-labor Discrimination J160 - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination J170 - Value of Life; Forgone Income J180 - Demographic Economics: Public Policy J190 - Demographic Economics: Other J200 - Demand and Suppply of Labor: General J210 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure J220 - Time Allocation and Labor Supply J230 - Labor Demand J240 - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity J260 - Retirement; Retirement Policies J280 - Safety; Job Satisfaction; Related Public Policy J290 - Time Allocation, Work Behavior, and Employment Determination: Other J300 - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: General J310 - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials J320 - Nonwage Labor Costs and Benefits; Private Pensions J330 - Compensation Packages; Payment Methods J380 - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: Public Policy J390 - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: Other J400 - Particular Labor Markets: General J410 - Labor Contracts J420 - Monopsony; Segmented Labor Markets J430 - Agricultural Labor Markets J440 - Professional Labor Markets; Occupational Licensing (Updated!) J450 - Public Sector Labor Markets J480 - Particular Labor Markets: Public Policy J490 - Particular Labor Markets: Other J500 - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining: General J510 - Trade Unions: Objectives, Structure, and Effects J520 - Dispute Resolution: Strikes, Arbitration, and Mediation; Collective Bargaining J530 - Labor-Management Relations; Industrial Jurisprudence J540 - Producer Cooperatives; Labor Managed Firms; Employee Ownership (Updated!) J580 - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining: Public Policy J590 - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining: Other J600 - Mobility, Unemployment, and Vacancies: General J610 - Geographic Labor Mobility; Immigrant Workers J620 - Job, Occupational, and Intergenerational Mobility; Promotion J630 - Labor Turnover; Vacancies; Layoffs J640 - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search J650 - Unemployment Insurance; Severance Pay; Plant Closings J680 - Mobility, Unemployment, and Vacancies: Public Policy J690 - Mobility, Unemployment, and Vacancies: Other J700 - Labor Discrimination: General J710 - Labor Discrimination J780 - Labor Discrimination: Public Policy J790 - Labor Discrimination: Other J800 - Labor Standards: General J810 - Labor Standards: Working Conditions J820 - Labor Standards: Labor Force Composition J830 - Labor Standards: Workers' Rights J880 - Labor Standards: Public Policy J890 - Labor Standards: Other Go to MENUK000 - Law and Economics: General K100 - Basic Areas of Law: General (Constitutional Law) K110 - Property Law K120 - Contract Law K130 - Tort Law and Product Liability K140 - Criminal Law K190 - Basic Areas of Law: Other K200 - Regulation and Business Law: General K210 - Antitrust Law K220 - Corporation and Securities Law K230 - Regulated Industries and Administrative Law K290 - Regulation and Business Law: Other K300 - Other Substantive Areas of Law: General K310 - Labor Law K320 - Environmental, Health, and Safety Law K330 - International Law K340 - Tax Law K350 - Personal Bankruptcy Law K360 - Family and Personal Law K390 - Other Substantive Areas of Law: Other K400 - Legal Procedure, the Legal System, and Illegal Behavior: General K410 - Litigation Process K420 - Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law K490 - Legal Procedure, the Legal System, and Illegal Behavior: Other Go to MENUL000 - Industrial Organization: General L100 - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance: General L110 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms L120 - Monopoly; Monopolization Strategies L130 - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets L140 - Transactional Relationships; Contracts and Reputation; Networks L150 - Information and Product Quality; Standardization and Compatibility L160 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change; Industrial Price Indices (Updated!) L170 - Open Source Products and Markets L190 - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance: Other L200 - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior: General L210 - Business Objectives of the Firm L220 - Firm Organization and Market Structure L230 - Organization of Production L240 - Contracting Out; Joint Ventures; Technology Licensing L250 - Firm Performance: Size, Diversification, and Scope L260 - Entrepreneurship L290 - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior: Other L300 - Nonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise: General L310 - Nonprofit Institutions; NGOs L320 - Public Enterprises L330 - Comparison of Public and Private Enterprises; Privatization; Contracting Out L380 - Public Policy L390 - Nonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise: Other L400 - Antitrust Issues and Policies: General L410 - Monopolization; Horizontal Anticompetitive Practices L420 - Vertical Restraints; Resale Price Maintenance; Quantity Discounts L430 - Legal Monopolies and Regulation or Deregulation L440 - Antitrust Policy and Public Enterprises, Nonprofit Institutions, and Professional Organizations L490 - Antitrust Policy: Other L500 - Regulation and Industrial Policy: General L510 - Economics of Regulation L520 - Industrial Policy; Sectoral Planning Methods L530 - Enterprise Policy L590 - Regulation and Industrial Policy: Other L600 - Industry Studies: Manufacturing: General L610 - Metals and Metal Products; Cement; Glass; Ceramics L620 - Automobiles; Other Transportation Equipment L630 - Microelectronics; Computers; Communications Equipment L640 - Other Machinery; Business Equipment; Armaments L650 - Chemicals; Rubber; Drugs; Biotechnology L660 - Food; Beverages; Cosmetics; Tobacco; Wine and Spirits L670 - Other Consumer Nondurables L680 - Appliances; Other Consumer Durables L690 - Industry Studies: Manufacturing: Other L700 - Industry Studies: Primary Products and Construction: General L710 - Mining, Extraction, and Refining: Hydrocarbon Fuels L720 - Mining, Extraction, and Refining: Other Nonrenewable Resources L730 - Forest Products L740 - Construction L780 - Industry Studies: Primary Products and Construction: Government Policy L790 - Industry Studies: Primary Products and Construction: Other L800 - Industry Studies: Services: General L810 - Retail and Wholesale Trade; e-Commerce L820 - Entertainment; Media L830 - Sports; Gambling; Recreation; Tourism L840 - Personal, Professional, and Business Services L850 - Real Estate Services L860 - Information and Internet Services; Computer Software L870 - Postal and Delivery Services L880 - Industry Studies: Services: Government Policy L890 - Industry Studies: Services: Other L900 - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities: General L910 - Transportation: General L920 - Railroads and Other Surface Transportation L930 - Air Transportation L940 - Electric Utilities L950 - Gas Utilities; Pipelines; Water Utilities L960 - Telecommunications L970 - Utilities: General L980 - Industry Studies: Utilities and Transportation: Government Policy L990 - Industry Studies: Utilities and Transportation: Other Go to MENUM000 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting: General M100 - Business Administration: General M110 - Production Management M120 - Personnel Management; executive compensation M130 - New Firms; Startups M140 - Corporate Culture; Social Responsibility M150 - IT Management M160 - International Business Administration M190 - Business Administration: Other M200 - Business Economics: General M210 - Business Economics M290 - Business Economics: Other M300 - Marketing and Advertising: General M310 - Marketing M370 - Advertising M380 - Marketing and Advertising: Government Policy and Regulation M390 - Marketing and Advertising: Other M400 - Accounting and Auditing: General M410 - Accounting M420 - Auditing M480 - Accounting and Auditing: Government Policy and Regulation M490 - Accounting: Other M500 - Personnel Economics: General M510 - Personnel Economics: Firm Employment Decisions; Promotions M520 - Personnel Economics: Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects M530 - Personnel Economics: Training M540 - Personnel Economics: Labor Management M550 - Personnel Economics: Labor Contracting Devices M590 - Personnel Economics: Other Go to MENUN000 - Economic History: General N010 - Development of the Discipline: Historiographical; Sources and Methods N100 - Economic History: Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Growth and Fluctuations: General, International, or Comparative N110 - Economic History: Macroeconomics; Growth and Fluctuations: U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913 N120 - Economic History: Macroeconomics; Growth and Fluctuations: U.S.; Canada: 1913- N130 - Economic History: Macroeconomics; Growth and Fluctuations: Europe: Pre-1913 N140 - Economic History: Macroeconomics; Growth and Fluctuations: Europe: 1913- N150 - Economic History: Macroeconomics; Growth and Fluctuations: Asia including Middle East N160 - Economic History: Macroeconomics; Growth and Fluctuations: Latin America; Caribbean N170 - Economic History: Macroeconomics; Growth and Fluctuations: Africa; Oceania N200 - Economic History: Financial Markets and Institutions: General, International, or Comparative N210 - Economic History: Financial Markets and Institutions: U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913 N220 - Economic History: Financial Markets and Institutions: U.S.; Canada: 1913- N230 - Economic History: Financial Markets and Institutions: Europe: Pre-1913 N240 - Economic History: Financial Markets and Institutions: Europe: 1913- N250 - Economic History: Financial Markets and Institutions: Asia including Middle East N260 - Economic History: Financial Markets and Institutions: Latin America; Caribbean N270 - Economic History: Financial Markets and Institutions: Africa; Oceania N300 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, and Religion: General, International, or Comparative (Updated!) N310 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, and Religion: U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913 (Updated!) N320 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, and Religion: U.S.; Canada: 1913- (Updated!) N330 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, and Religion: Europe: Pre-1913 (Updated!) N340 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, and Religion: Europe: 1913- (Updated!) N350 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, and Religion: Asia including Middle East (Updated!) N360 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, and Religion: Latin America; Caribbean (Updated!) N370 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, and Religion: Africa; Oceania (Updated!) N400 - Economic History: Government, War, Law, and Regulation: General, International, or Comparative N410 - Economic History: Government, War, Law, and Regulation: U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913 N420 - Economic History: Government, War, Law, and Regulation: U.S.; Canada: 1913- N430 - Economic History: Government, War, Law, and Regulation: Europe: Pre-1913 N440 - Economic History: Government, War, Law, and Regulation: Europe: 1913- N450 - Economic History: Government, War, Law, and Regulation: Asia including Middle East N460 - Economic History: Government, War, Law, and Regulation: Latin America; Caribbean N470 - Economic History: Government, War, Law, and Regulation: Africa; Oceania N500 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: General, International, or Comparative N510 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913 N520 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: U.S.; Canada: 1913- N530 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: Europe: Pre-1913 N540 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: Europe: 1913- N550 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: Asia including Middle East N560 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: Latin America; Caribbean N570 - Economic History: Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries: Africa; Oceania N600 - Economic History: Manufacturing and Construction: General, International, or Comparative N610 - Economic History: Manufacturing and Construction: U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913 N620 - Economic History: Manufacturing and Construction: U.S.; Canada: 1913- N630 - Economic History: Manufacturing and Construction: Europe: Pre-1913 N640 - Economic History: Manufacturing and Construction: Europe: 1913- N650 - Economic History: Manufacturing and Construction: Asia including Middle East N660 - Economic History: Manufacturing and Construction: Latin America; Caribbean N670 - Economic History: Manufacturing and Construction: Africa; Oceania N700 - Economic History: Transport, International and Domestic Trade, Energy, Technology, and Other Services: General, International, or Comparative N710 - Economic History: Transport, Trade, Energy, Technology, and Other Services: U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913 N720 - Economic History: Transport, Trade, Energy, Technology, and Other Services: U.S.; Canada: 1913- N730 - Economic History: Transport, Trade, Energy, Technology, and Other Services: Europe: Pre-1913 N740 - Economic History: Transport, Trade, Energy, Technology, and Other Services: Europe: 1913- N750 - Economic History: Transport, Trade, Energy, Technology, and Other Services: Asia including Middle East N760 - Economic History: Transport, Trade, Energy, Technology, and Other Services: Latin America; Caribbean N770 - Economic History: Transport, Trade, Energy, Technology, and Other Services: Africa; Oceania N800 - Micro-Business History: General, International, or Comparative N810 - Micro-Business History: U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913 N820 - Micro-Business History: U.S.; Canada: 1913- N830 - Micro-Business History: Europe: Pre-1913 N840 - Micro-Business History: Europe: 1913- N850 - Micro-Business History: Asia including Middle East N860 - Micro-Business History: Latin America; Caribbean N870 - Micro-Business History: Africa; Oceania N900 - Regional and Urban History: General N910 - Regional and Urban History: U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913 N920 - Regional and Urban History: U.S.; Canada: 1913- N930 - Regional and Urban History: Europe: Pre-1913 N940 - Regional and Urban History: Europe: 1913- N950 - Regional and Urban History: Asia including Middle East N960 - Regional and Urban History: Latin America; Caribbean N970 - Regional and Urban History: Africa; Oceania Go to MENUO100 - Economic Development: General O110 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development O120 - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development O130 - Economic Development: Agriculture; Natural Resources; Energy; Environment; Other Primary Products O140 - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology O150 - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration O160 - Economic Development: Financial Markets; Saving and Capital Investment; Corporate Finance and Governance O170 - Formal and Informal Sectors; Shadow Economy; Institutional Arrangements O180 - Economic Development: Regional, Urban, and Rural Analyses O190 - International Linkages to Development; Role of International Organizations O200 - Development Planning and Policy: General O210 - Planning Models; Planning Policy O220 - Project Analysis O230 - Fiscal and Monetary Policy in Development O240 - Development Planning and Policy: Trade Policy; Factor Movement; Foreign Exchange Policy O250 - Industrial Policy O290 - Development Planning and Policy: Other O300 - Technological Change; Research and Development: General O310 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives O320 - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D O330 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes O340 - Intellectual Property Rights O380 - Technological Change: Government Policy O390 - Technological Change: Other O400 - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity: General O410 - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models O420 - Monetary Growth Models O430 - Institutions and Growth O470 - Measurement of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence O490 - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity: Other O500 - Economywide Country Studies: General O510 - Economywide Country Studies: U.S.; Canada O520 - Economywide Country Studies: Europe O530 - Economywide Country Studies: Asia including Middle East O540 - Economywide Country Studies: Latin America; Caribbean O550 - Economywide Country Studies: Africa O560 - Economywide Country Studies: Oceania O570 - Comparative Studies of Countries Go to MENUP000 - Economic Systems: General P100 - Capitalist Systems: General P110 - Capitalist Systems: Planning, Coordination, and Reform P120 - Capitalist Enterprises P130 - Cooperative Enterprises P140 - Capitalist Systems: Property Rights P160 - Capitalist Systems: Political Economy P170 - Capitalist Systems: Performance and Prospects P190 - Capitalist Systems: Other P200 - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: General P210 - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Planning, Coordination, and Reform P220 - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Prices P230 - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Factor and Product Markets; Industry Studies; Population P240 - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: National Income, Product, and Expenditure; Money; Inflation P250 - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics P260 - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Political Economy; Property Rights P270 - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Performance and Prospects P280 - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Natural Resources; Energy; Environment P290 - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Other P300 - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions: General P310 - Socialist Enterprises and Their Transitions P320 - Collectives; Communes; Agriculture P330 - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions: International Trade, Finance, Investment, and Aid P340 - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions: Financial Economics P350 - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions: Public Economics P360 - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions: Consumer Economics; Health, Education and Training, Welfare, and Poverty P370 - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Legal Institutions; Illegal Behavior P390 - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions: Other P400 - Other Economic Systems: General P410 - Other Economic Systems: Planning, Coordination, and Reform P420 - Other Economic Systems: Productive Enterprises; Factor and Product Markets; Prices; Population P430 - Other Economic Systems: Public Economics; Financial Economics P440 - Other Economic Systems: National Income, Product, and Expenditure; Money; Inflation P450 - Other Economic Systems: International Trade, Finance, Investment and Aid P460 - Other Economic Systems: Consumer Economics; Welfare and Poverty P470 - Other Economic Systems: Performance and Prospects P480 - Other Economic Systems: Political Economy; Legal Institutions; Property Rights P490 - Other Economic Systems: Other P500 - Comparative Economic Systems: General P510 - Comparative Analysis of Economic Systems P520 - Comparative Studies of Particular Economies P590 - Comparative Economic Systems: Other Go to MENU
Go to MENUR000 - Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics: General R100 - General Regional Economics (includes Regional Data) R110 - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, and Changes R120 - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity R130 - General Equilibrium and Welfare Economic Analysis of Regional Economies R140 - Land Use Patterns R150 - General Regional Economics: Econometric and Input-Output Models; Other Models R190 - General Regional Economics: Other R200 - Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics: Household Analysis: General R210 - Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics: Housing Demand R220 - Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics: Other Demand R230 - Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics: Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population; Neighborhood Characteristics (Updated!) R280 - Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics: Government Policy R290 - Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics: Household Analysis: Other R300 - Production Analysis and Firm Location: General R310 - Housing Supply and Markets R320 - Other Production and Pricing Analysis R330 - Nonagricultural and Nonresidential Real Estate Markets R340 - Production Analysis and Firm Location: Input Demand Analysis R380 - Production Analysis and Firm Location: Government Policies; Regulatory Policies R390 - Production Analysis and Firm Location: Other R400 - Transportation Systems: General R410 - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise R420 - Transportation Systems: Government and Private Investment Analysis; Transportation Planning (Updated!) R480 - Transportation Systems: Government Pricing; Regulatory Policies R490 - Transportation Systems: Other R500 - Regional Government Analysis: General R510 - Finance in Urban and Rural Economies R520 - Regional Government Analysis: Land Use and Other Regulations R530 - Public Facility Location Analysis; Public Investment and Capital Stock R580 - Regional Development Policy R590 - Regional Government Analysis: Other Go to MENUY100 - Data: Tables and Charts Y200 - Introductory Material Y300 - Book Reviews (unclassified) Y400 - Dissertations (unclassified) Y500 - Further Reading (unclassified) Y600 - Excerpt Y800 - Related Disciplines Y900 - Miscellaneous Categories: Other Go to MENUZ000 - Other Special Topics: General Z100 - Cultural Economics; Economic Sociology; Economic Anthropology: General Z110 - Cultural Economics: Economics of the Arts and Literature Z120 - Cultural Economics: Religion Z130 - Economic Sociology; Economic Anthropology Z190 - Cultural Economics: Other Go to MENUCopyright © 2009 American Economic Association
Updated 2/2009 |
EconLit Tools JEL Codes Classification Guide General Information What is EconLit? Compiled and abstracted in an easily searchable format, EconLit is a comprehensive index of journal articles, books, book reviews, collective volume articles, working papers and dissertations. |
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