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Hedging When Applying: Simultaneous Search with Correlation
S. Nageeb Ali
Ran I. Shorrer
American Economic Review (Forthcoming)
Abstract
Applicants to schools, colleges, and jobs hedge by applying to a broad range of options, including
reaches, matches, and safeties. We develop a simultaneous-search framework that rationalizes
this practice. In this framework, the admissions process is correlated across schools so that if an
applicant is rejected by one school, she is more likely to be rejected by more selective schools. We
find that an applicant then optimally targets both safeties and reaches. We characterize how the
optimal portfolio varies with the applicant’s beliefs, risk attitudes, and application costs, and offer
an algorithm that delivers the optimal portfolio in polynomial time.