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Marriott Marquis, La Costa
Hosted By:
Econometric Society
despite low growth in rents. We study the impact of housing bubbles on
China's economy, based on the understanding that local governments use
land-sale revenue to fuel infrastructure investment. We calibrate our model
to the Chinese data over the period 2003-2013 and find that our calibrated
model can match the declining capital return and GDP growth, the average
housing price growth, and the rising infrastructure to GDP ratio in the
data. We conduct two counterfactual experiments to estimate the impact of a
bubble collapse and a property tax.
Financial Markets with an Emphasis on China
Paper Session
Friday, Jan. 3, 2020 8:00 AM - 10:00 AM (PDT)
- Chair: Matteo Benetton, University of California-Berkeley
CryptoMining: Energy Use and Local Impact
Abstract
Cryptomining gives rise to negative externalities through consumption of scarce electricity. Thus why do local governments pursue cryptominers and what are the broader effects of cryptomining on the local economy? Our testimonial evidence supports cryptomining as a source of tax revenues and purported local economy spillovers. Using a novel panel dataset for counties in China and NY State we confirm that cryptomining increases electricity consumption and pollution (in coal regions). Yet governements respond to financial incentives: cities engaging in cryptomining experience higher tax revenues. However, cryptomining in coal-heavy cities is associated with lower levels of fixed investments and GDP per capita. Welfare analysis of cryptomining must balance global pollution externalities and local crowding out against oligopolistic cryptomining profits and local government revenue gains.Internal Capital Markets in Business Groups and the Propagation of Credit Supply Shocks
Abstract
Using business registry data from China, we show that internal capital markets in business groups can propagate corporate shareholders’ credit supply shocks to their subsidiaries. An average of 16.7% local bank credit growth where corporate shareholders are located would increase subsidiaries investment by 1% of their tangible fixed asset value, which accounts for 71% (7%) of the median (average) investment rate among these firms. We argue that equity exchanges is one channel through which corporate shareholders transmit bank credit supply shocks to the subsidiaries and provide empirical evidence to support the channel.Delay the Pension Age or Reduce the Pension Benefit? Implications for labor force participation and individual welfare
Abstract
The Chinese government has announced plans to gradually increase the retirement age from between 50 to 60 to age 65. In this paper we develop a life cycle model of labor supply to quantify the predicted implications of this reform for labor force participation and individual welfare. The agents in our model are heterogeneous in skill and have different earnings profile, health dynamics and out-of-pocket healthcare expenditures. We calibrate the model using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Using the calibrated model, we perform policy simulations to investigate the influence of the policy change on labor force participation and consumption decisions, and assess welfare implications for the two heterogeneous groups. Our results will inform the design of public pension policies.China's Housing Bubble, Infrastructure Investment, and Economic Growth
Abstract
China's housing prices have been growing rapidly over the past few decades,despite low growth in rents. We study the impact of housing bubbles on
China's economy, based on the understanding that local governments use
land-sale revenue to fuel infrastructure investment. We calibrate our model
to the Chinese data over the period 2003-2013 and find that our calibrated
model can match the declining capital return and GDP growth, the average
housing price growth, and the rising infrastructure to GDP ratio in the
data. We conduct two counterfactual experiments to estimate the impact of a
bubble collapse and a property tax.
JEL Classifications
- G1 - General Financial Markets