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African Continental Integration, Debt Market and Economic Growth

Paper Session

Sunday, Jan. 3, 2021 12:15 PM - 2:15 PM (EST)

Hosted By: African Finance and Economics Association
  • Chair: Mina Baliamoune, University of North Florida

Will Non-Tariff Barriers Torpedo The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA)?

Julius A. Agbor
,
Vanguard University of Southern California
Russell Magnum
,
Concordia University-Irvine
Robert Grand
,
California Baptist University

Abstract

This study examines what potential exists for new forms of NTBs to emerge, thus torpedoing whatever gains from tariff reduction that the AfCFTA seeks to achieve. We employ both theoretical and empirical methodologies to answer our fundamental research question: will tariff reduction spur growth in NTBs in Africa? In other words, will potential growth in NTBs torpedo the AfCFTA? Our study would inform African governments and their international counterparts on the potential risks associated with the AfCFTA project and viable ways of mitigating those risks.

Trade in Services and Regional Economic Integration in COMESA and SADC

Evans Osabuohien
,
Covenant University
Ngozi Adeleye
,
Covenant University
Olaronke Onanuga
,
Covenant University
Omorogbe Asemota
,
National Institute for Democratic & Legislative Studies (NILDS)
Jeremiah Ejemeyovwi
,
Covenant University

Abstract

The study comparatively examines how regional integration influences the performance of services trade in Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) and Southern African Development Community (SADC). The results from the study reveal that the degree of integration in COMESA and SADC differ markedly, among other things. Based on the findings from this study, regional economic integration is fundamental in enhancing the level of services trade in Africa’s RECs. Thus, cooperation among members of a given RECs and across RECs in terms of infrastructural development and building more reliable institutional framework are essential to boost services trade and are critical for the successful implementation of the launched African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA).

Mispricing of Sovereign Risk and Herd Behavior in African Debt Markets

Hanan Morsy
,
African Development Bank
Eman Moustafa
,
African Development Bank

Abstract

In light of the limited evidence on herd behavior in frontier debt markets, this paper examines if African sovereign risk is mispriced due to international investor herding and discrimination rather than poor macroeconomic fundamentals. Exploiting high frequency financial datasets of 55 countries between 2004 to 2019, we estimate several regression specifications and apply the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition approach to reflect the determinants of sovereign risk pricing in Africa compared to other world regions. The results confirm an asymmetric and herd behavior in African debt markets and verify that African debt assets are treated as one category or class. Our results also indicate that the mispricing of Africa’s sovereign risk is mainly due to a discriminatory behavior by international investors rather than differences in the quality of macroeconomic fundamentals between Africa and non-Africa regions. The findings of this paper suggest that the market sentiment has largely moved Africa’s debt market over the last decade.

Quantitative Impact of African Continent Free Trade Area (AfCTA) on African Economies

Boniface Yemba
,
Marshall University
Erick Kitenge
,
Central State University
Tang Tang
,
University of Massachusetts-Dartmouth

Abstract

We evaluate the impact of African Continent Free Trade Area (AfCTA)agreements on welfare and terms of trade of African economies. We use a three-region (Two African Economies and the rest of the world) New Keynesian DSGE model to quantify the impact of AfCTA agreements on welfare and terms of trade. Our results suggest that one percent cut on tariff has 1.2% to 2.8% increase on welfare, measures here by the utility function of representative household due to the terms of trade effect (improvement).

The Effects of Mining on Health: Evidence from Copper Mining in Zambia

Chomba Kalunga
,
Coventry University

Abstract

Many recognize the opportunities natural resources provide for economic growth and development and thus ensuring that natural resource wealth leads to sustained economic growth and development. Mining can be an engine and catalyst for economic growth, but often results in heavy metal releases, that could negatively impact human health. High levels of pollution may cause temporary illness, which in turn may cause lost work hours. This paper uses a novel panel dataset on living conditions in Zambia, aggregated at constituency level. Using a 2SLS fixed effects approach, results show that an increase in copper mining which led to a copper boom from 2003 induced some changes in health outcomes for constituencies located close to the mining operations after the privatization of the mines. It also finds that the probability of suffering from general sicknesses becomes less likely if a constituency is located close to an open pit mine or in a rural area while it increases if a constituency is located close to an underground mine. The results illustrate that copper mining somehow reduces the prevalence of certain health conditions, for example, anemia and chest infections.
Discussant(s)
Boniface Yemba
,
Central State University
Evans Osabuohien
,
Covenant University
Ben Onyumbe Lukongo
,
Southern University and A&M College System
Eman Moustafa
,
African Development Bank
Amira El-Shal
,
African Development Bank
JEL Classifications
  • O1 - Economic Development
  • F1 - Trade