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Ostracism and Forgiveness

By S. Nageeb Ali and David A. Miller

American Economic Review, August 2016

Many communities rely upon ostracism to enforce cooperation: if an individual shirks in one relationship, her innocent neighbors share information about her guilt in order to shun her, while continuing to cooperate among themselves. However, a strategic v...

Anatomy of a Contract Change

By Rajshri Jayaraman, Debraj Ray, and Francis de VĂ©ricourt

American Economic Review, February 2016

We study a contract change for tea pluckers on an Indian plantation, with a higher government-stipulated baseline wage. Incentive piece rates were lowered or kept unchanged. Yet, in the following month, output increased by 20 to 80 percent. This response ...

Misselling through Agents

By Roman Inderst and Marco Ottaviani

American Economic Review, June 2009

This paper analyzes the implications of the inherent conflict between two tasks performed by direct marketing agents: prospecting for customers and advising on the product's "suitability" for the specific needs of customers. When structuring salesforce...

Fairness and Redistribution: Comment

By Rafael Di Tella and Juan Dubra

American Economic Review, February 2013

We provide an example that shows that in the Alesina and Angeletos (2005) model one can obtain multiplicity even if luck plays no role in the economy. Thus, it is not critical that the noise to signal ratio be increasing in taxes, or that desired taxes ar...

Institutions

By Douglass C. North

Journal of Economic Perspectives, Winter 1991

Institutions are the humanly devised constraints that structure political, economic, and social interaction. They consist of both informal constraints (sanctions, taboos, customs, traditions, and codes of conduct), and formal rules (constitutions, laws, p...